Telecommunications and logistics in Laos: computer, internet, fax, phone, mobile, satellite, broadband, cable, adsl, gprs, edge, 3G, hspa, wifi, pal tv, radio, atms, couriers in Vientiane and the Lao PDR.

Lao mobile phone numbers change from 7 to 8 digits
In order to allow for more new mobile phone numbers in Laos, from June 2010, some – but not all – numbers need to be dialled with a doubled first digit, making a total of 8. Lao mobile numbers have an operator identifier as the first digit (after 020). Tigo is 7, LaoTel is 4 or 5, ETL is 2 or 3, Star Unitel 8 or 9, followed by 6 more digits. All will eventually become 8 digit numbers.

For example, Tigo's older 7xx xxxx numbers have changed to 77xx xxxx. However, their newer numbers already have 8 digits and may start with 78. e.g. 78xx xxxx. One main Lao operator, ETL is still using 7 digits at the end of July and has yet to announce a date for the change.

Lao mobile phone company websites have little or no updated information on the topic – at least not in English and it's bound to cause confusion for some time. Try with both 7 and 8 digits if you get operator messages about unrecognised numbers! Some people report problems with SMS/texting.

Whether for business, pleasure, leisure or retirement, communications by physical, electronic or digital means become important aspects to consider when choosing a foreign base for business or residence. Increasing numbers of people globally are earning their living by doing business exclusively via internet (broadband or ADSL where available) – using free or low cost services like Skype for telephone and video calls, fax, video conferencing or web seminars (webinars). Laos is no exception where broadband internet is affordable to most of those who need it to run online businesses efficiently.

Overseas Calls to and from Laos – land line and mobile

Remember the time zone difference! Laos is GMT + 7 hours. Without daylight saving, from the US West Coast, Laos is 15 hours ahead and 12 hours ahead of EST. So 3 p.m. in New York is 3 a.m. the next day in Vientiane (and much of SE Asia) when most Lao are sound asleep!

The international dial code for the Lao PDR is 856. To call or send an SMS text message from a mobile, start with +856 then the Lao number without a leading zero. From a home phone you need to put your country's international dial code first. In the USA it's 011. For the UK and many other countries including Laos it is 00. From the USA to Laos dial 011 856 then the 2 digit area code, e.g. 21 for Vientiane, 71 for Luang Prabang, followed by the 6 digit number. When calling Lao mobiles the code is 20 (30 for WinPhone numbers), followed by 7 digits, although this is changing to 8 digits (the first one is repeated) from June 2010. See above.

Examples: From a UK phone to a Vientiane mobile 00 (or +) 856 20 1(1)23 4567. From home phone to home phone 00 856 21 123 456.

Within Laos, to call from a fixed line phone to a mobile, you used to dial 020 then the 7-digit number. From one Lao SIM number to another you can just dial the 7 digits.

However, see above for important changes since June 2010; an 8th digit has already been added to many Lao mobile numbers.

To make international calls from Laos, the outgoing code is 00 followed by the relevant country code (e.g. 00 1 for the United States, 00 44 for the UK) and the number – without an area code zero.

Main Lao mobile operators all charge 2000 kip/min (US$0.23) internationally. Lao Telecom/WinPhone uses no special code i.e. 00 then country, area code and number. For Tigo SIM first dial 177 then country code etc. ETL dial 188.

Outside main cities and in remoter regions of Laos, ETL has better coverage than Tigo, according to travelers.

Regional Calls
007 is an alternative dial out code that can be used to make calls between Thailand, Laos, Malaysia and Indonesia for less than the 001 international rate, but may be more expensive than the 2000 kip rate from Lao mobiles.

Phones & Internet in the Lao PDR – dial-up, broadband, ADSL, HSPA, 3G, GPRS, EDGE mobile communications

Although internet usage is still in its relative infancy in the Lao PDR as a whole, cell phones are in use everywhere and there are currently about 1.7 million mobile phone users in Laos, approaching a third of the population Handsets are seen glued to Lao ears whether the user is on foot, riding a motorcycle (or buffalo!) and while driving. While figures are growing rapidly for cell phone users, internet access is of less importance to the average Lao, many of whom live in rural areas without mains electricity. Only an estimated 25,000 people were using the internet in Laos in 2006, but these figures have risen rapidly as schools and colleges get computers and some of these are able to go online.

Lao language issues for PCs and mobile phones

Lao Script for Windows is a commercial product available for Lao keyboard input (usually standard US or US/Thai keyboards with Lao key stickers). Google has a Lao language option. Mobile phones sold in Laos have English, Thai and possibly Chinese or Vietnamese language options only. Most local users select Thai for phone menus and SMS text messaging, although some are proficient in English too. 

Mobile Cellphone Networks in Laos

In Laos there are several mobile (cellphone) operators using GSM 900/1800 MHz networks. Almost all users have prepaid cards. SIMs can be purchased easily and anonymously, and used in any normal, unlocked mobile. If your overseas phone is locked, get it unlocked cheaply in a Thailand phone shop (a few in Vientiane too).

Lao SIMs cost $5 or less (often with the price given back as airtime) and local calls are about 800 kips ($0.10) a minute. All international calls are 2000 kips ($0.24) per minute. Services include text messaging (SMS), MMS and internet. Most offer WAP and GPRS/EDGE and 3G for email and web browsing: Lao Telecom, ETL and TIGO (Tango). ETL has some exclusive coverage areas and may still be the only network that covers the North beyond Luang Prabang. Lao Telecom's M-phone and Win Phone (portable CDMA phone system) may work in some areas, but not others. Some areas of Laos may only work with one or two SIMs. Country-wide travellers are advised to carry 3 operator SIMs – LaoTel (M phone), ETL and Tigo. Unitel is a recent addition and has limited national coverage. GPRS data transfer is 1000 kips ($0.12) per megabyte.

Lao SIMs, Internet Providers and Types of Access

It's easy to get a SIM and set up and activate internet access via the operator instructions. However, while 3G, GPRS and EDGE is offered by main Lao operators, coverage is mostly limited to main cities; otherwise only voice calls are available.

Lao Telecom now offers an HSPA USB Dongle Modem + SIM package with limited access around the country. A SIM is available separately for those already with HSPA modems. The service may be of interest to short term visitors (plans available for 7, 15, 30 days and 6 or 12 months. It's advisable to visit the Lao Telecom office in Vientiane to get full details and subscription cost explained by someone who speaks reasonable English. The website does not have sufficient translation and the promotional leaflet is only in the Lao language.

As of August 2010, LaoTel claims to offer 3G/HSPA in and around Vientiane Capital and certain areas of VTE Province including Vang Vieng; also Luang Prabang, Paksane, Champassak, Attapeu, Savannaket, Bokeo, Huaphan. LaoTel intends having much greater national coverage with some 300 nodes by the end of 2010 which will increase the coverage around main towns. If 3G is not showing on the phone, GPRS and or EDGE should still be available.

LaoTel's ADSL 2.0 service although 50% cheaper from August 1st, 2010, is still expensive. e.g. 256K for 200,000 kip ($24) per month on a 12-month prepaid basis, or $290 at the current exchange rate. Faster speeds up to a claimed 2MB offered at correspondingly higher cost. As these are shared connections dependant also on phone line quality, download speeds are likely to be considerably less than the maximum!

Google Mail is an easy way to manage email on any web-enabled phone. If you have a free Google Account you can download the GMail Mobile application to many phones or just access it through your web browser. Send and receive all your mail by first changing the POP/forwarding settings in your Google Mail account.

Note that genuine brand-name mobiles (there are many cheap Chinese copies of branded models sold in Laos and Thailand) can connect to the internet and act as modems. Many of the cheap Chinese or Korean phones don't work properly in Lao and do not have all the features of the real thing. Some are pre-configured for the Thai market, and work with Thai SIMs such as AIS.  Pirate-copy phones seem to be used mainly for phone calls and multimedia; internet access is less important to the typical Lao mobile user.

With a 'real' Nokia, using Bluetooth or data cable, ETL and Tigo GPRS works well (with Edge in some areas) and costs 1,000 kip (10 US cents per MB) which is cheap enough for email and small downloads. Mobile phones with modem options can act as internet connections when others fail often due to lightning strikes or power cuts which occur frequently in Lao during the June-November rainy season.

LAOS MOBILE/MODEM INTERNET SETTINGS

ETL, connect your phone to the computer by USB cable or Bluetooth and Windows should detect it. In Control Panel, Phones & Modem, check it's there and add this control string in the Advanced Settings:
AT+CGDCONT=1,"ip","etlnet","",0,0

In Network Connections, create a dialup connection and set the phone number as *99***1#  Set/change the connection speed to 570K or higher. TCP/IP & DNS addresses should be allocated automatically.

Tigo, it's a similar procedure, but add this string to your Modem Initialisation settings:  AT+CGDCONT=,,"tigolaonet" and the phone number as *99#

LaoTEL WinPhone. Note this service is being phased out and is not well supported for internet. USB cables are no longer available from LaoTel for the Huawei phone/modem they sell. Software drivers are on the CD supplied with the phone or available from LaoTel's website. Set up a new dialup connection. Phone number: #777, Username: win@ltc.com, Password: win. To top up, follow the instructions on a LaoTel prepaid card. For a balance check call 122. When a Lao voice asks you to choose a language (pasaa) press 2 for English.

If you have a Nokia or other mobile phone or camera and are having memory or file copy protection problems when upgrading a TransFlash or MicroSD card in your device, then visit our MicroSD page. We found a good solution.

Rich and poor alike in Laos use mobile phones now that prices have dropped to below $30 for basic brand name as well as Chinese and Korean unlocked handsets bought locally or in Thailand. In Vientiane, near the Mekong River opposite the Thai towns of Sri-chiangmai and Nongkhai, Thai mobile operators like AIS, DTAC, Orange and True cells are within signal range, so their SIMs can be used for both telephone calls and internet access in Laos too.

Some Vientiane residents have multiple SIMs and mobiles for Lao and Thai SIMs. Thai refill cards can also be bought in some Vientiane convenience stores and mobile phone shops. International Roaming is also available on several of the Thai and Lao cell phone networks but due to the expense of this service it is better to purchase Lao SIMs.

Laos telecommunications and IT improvements result from joint ventures between Thai, Chinese, Korean and Australian private enterprise and the Lao Government. Lao Telecom (LaoTel), Tigo (formerly Tango), ETL and Star (Unitel) are the main Lao mobile phone operators offering web browsing services employing GPRS/EDGE and 3G technology. You can connect direct from a suitable phone or use the phone as a modem for your laptop or PC. Data transfer charges are reasonable for small downloads at about $0.12 per Mb. WiFi broadband, dialup and ADSL connections are also available in hotels and homes.

In larger cities and towns, there are numerous internet shops (dialup, ADSL and some with broadband or wi-fi connections) charging from $0.50 an hour; WiFi 'hotspots' are in the more expensive hotels and popular foreign tourist places like Vangvieng (where there are now many) for example. Charges are usually 300 kip/min ($2 per hour) in shops.

Lao residents have several options for home internet connection. Wireless broadband from Planet Online now costs 3,000,000 kip ($360) prepaid per annum for 50GB. Tigo has a WiMax service for homes and businesses. Choice of speeds 256, 512, 1Mb, no bandwidth limit, monthly rates from 500,000 ($60) to 2 million kip ($230) plus installation. Not recommended.

Currently, the above services are available only in Vientiane, within a radius of about 25 km from the signal transmission masts. Annual prepayment saves 10%.

Dialup and ADSL in areas of Vientiane and small towns like Vang Vieng, Paksan and others are available through Lao Telecom (LaoTel) and ETL.

LaoTel's Win Phone is an alternative to landline phone service. It can be used for internet and voice services, using a SIM-based wireless home-phone-type transmitter/receiver (mains or battery) with prepaid calling cards in 20,000 or 50,000 kip denominations, available from phone and other shops.

WinPhone acts like a cell phone (sometimes requiring a $25 external antenna) and is a GSM CDMA (wireless loop) system which can be used for both voice and internet. Internet cost is 240 kip per minute (US$1.60/hour). The 420 kip (5c) per minute charge for local voice calls is considerably cheaper than around 800 kip using a mobile. An international call rate of 2000 kip/min (US$0.23) is standard for WinPhone and the other main mobile systems in Laos.

For fax service, if you don't have a fixed phone line, an alternative is the WinPhone terminal version, which doesn't have a handset, but has inputs for a standard handset, fax machine and PC. In certain areas outside the city, an external antenna may be required.

With WinPhone, internet access is stable and faster than a normal dialup line, and by comparison, ten times faster and more reliable than Flexi Phone, a similar system in use in Bali and other parts of Indonesia. While fast wireless broadband is best, using the WinPhone (or a Tigo or ETL mobile phone) as a modem provides an alternative for internet connectivity.

Lao WinPhone Modem Internet Settings (they can be difficult to find). Drivers are on the CD supplied with the phone or available from LaoTel's website. Set up a new dialup connection. Phone number: #777, Username: win@ltc.com, Password: win. To top up, follow the instructions on a LaoTel prepaid card (the red Winphone card has now been replaced by a single refill card for all LaoTel mobile services). For a balance check call 122. When a Lao voice asks you to choose a language (pasaa) press 2 for English.

Home or Business Telephone (PSTN) Lines in Lao PDR

It's possible to get Lao Telecom or ETL to install a new regular phone, fax or dialup (even ADSL and leased lines for internet) at your home or office, provided this is within 500 meters of a junction box. Application should be made to their offices adjacent to each other and not far from the Morning Market. They will do an area inspection and advise you of cost and time for installation (maybe several weeks).

Significant expansion of terrestrial telephone networks (land lines or fiber-optic cables) for eventual nationwide coverage is unlikely in Laos, due to the large rural and mountainous areas and low population density. Wireless systems for communications and data transfer  cost less and are relatively cheap to install and maintain, in developing countries especially.

Computer Usage in Laos

Although the Lao digital communications market is growing rapidly, it's mainly driven by the younger generation of students and entrepreneurs. There are relatively few business or domestic users in the Lao PDR. Not many need or can afford their own computer equipment and doing business by internet is still a fairly new concept. Language difficulties play a part in this as English is not widely spoken. However, students everywhere are learning to use computers (to chat to or email their friends mostly!) but they access the internet from schools, colleges and internet shops rather than from home.

Other International Telephone Services

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Cable and Satellite TV

The very limited content Lao National Television service provides which includes low-standard locally produced programs and daily showings of faded, fuzzy politico-historical archive film, is supplemented in Vientiane and surrounding areas by Thai TV transmissions from Nongkhai. Most urban Lao can understand Thai and the cultures are similar, so Thai movies, soap operas, talk and game shows are very popular. Outlying districts rely on a satellite service of Lao/Chinese origin.

Several satellite-based services exist; Thailand's True (formerly UBC) offers the most, but costs about $60 per month plus equipment deposit. Lao Cable TV is the biggest local company with Chinese backers. Available in Vientiane city and surrounding villages, the service costs around $100 for installation and the first 3 months viewing, then $15 every 6 months. Due to Lao's 'assisted development' status, many language groups are catered for besides Lao. There's English from the UK (BBC), USA (CNN, CNBC), Australia (ABC Australia Network) and Korea (Arirang); all Thai channels including several True (UBC), Vietnamese, Cambodian, Chinese (mainland, Hong Kong and Taiwan), Japanese, Russian, French and German channels are all shown. Thai movies, Star Movies, HBO, and several Asian (Indian/Chinese/Singapore) movie and music channels are there too. About 35 channels in all.

Several other cable operators service cities and towns in Laos. Most are Chinese or Vietnamese owned and operated, so English channels are limited.

A further solution is free TV via PC over the internet. Some 5000 channels from all over the world are accessible without special equipment such as smart cards, decoders, antenna dish or subscription fees. Access is via a single payment of $30 or less to download the software. This is not exclusive to the Lao PDR of course. It will work anywhere there's an internet connection.

Connecting your PC or laptop to a USB TV Tuner allows you to view and record aerial, satellite and cable programs. The advantages are numerous: unattended recording, manual editing, and permanent storage of pre-recorded programs or music on VCD or DVD are possible at virtually no cost. This is much easier, better and cheaper than VHS or TIVO recording!

TV broadcast systems and sets are not compatible worldwide. Most of SE Asia uses PAL, the same as in the UK and most of Europe. Exceptions are Burma, Philippines and Vietnam which use NTSC (also the USA, Canada, Japan, Taiwan and S Korea). Check this before buying TV sets or tuners for use in Laos and other Asian countries.

Logistics – freight and delivery services by road (rail?)

Thailand to Laos Railroad Service Now Open – see Lao Travel Page

Apart from conventional business, the web is being used increasingly for ordering, payment and arranging the shipment of products by local shippers and international couriers like DHL, FedEx, EMS and TNT* who have offices and agencies in the Lao PDR. They are able to pick up and deliver goods all over the world. Shipments from Vientiane are sent via Thailand, by air to Bangkok or by road via Nongkhai. Internet tracking is available for these services, with deliveries worldwide within 3-5 working days.

* TNT appears to have ceased operations. DHL is our recommended courier, especially for documents. Lao EMS links with international registered postal services like USPS and provides a reliable parcel delivery service too.

Electronic Banking in Laos

It's about four years since Vientiane got its first ATM cash dispenser. Now ANZ Laos, BCEL and JDB have dozens around the city, using both PLUS and Cirrus networks (VISA and MasterCard). There are still few ATMs outside the capital and service is improving but not always reliable.  Local credit card merchant accounts are available. Internet banking is still in its infancy. See our Lao Banking page for further details.

Technology has helped transform a once sleepy backwater town into Vientiane Capital – a city far more worthy of the name. However, much of traditional Lao life and customs will remain for a long time to come – hopefully, anyway.

Help Lao youngsters learn to read books in their
own language as well as English.

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